Mass contact methods in extension. Methods include indivi...

Mass contact methods in extension. Methods include individual and group contacts, mass communication, and practical demonstrations aimed at enhancing knowledge and skills. The choice of method The document outlines various extension teaching methods used for effective communication between instructors and learners, classified by purpose, form, function, learning process stages, and adopter categories. Extension teaching methods include direct contact, demonstrations, group discussions, and visual aids. They show that people are influenced by extension education to make changes in behaviour in proportion to the number of different teaching methods with which they come in contact. There are many Mass or community-contact methods: An extension worker has to approach a large number of people for disseminating a new information & helping them to use it. Appropriate extension teachng is the skillful creation ' of situation in which learners gain the stimulation and 'capabilities required to successfully meet their needs in a fornl that attain continuous self-satisfaction. This can be done through mass-contact methods conveniently. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of selecting appropriate extension methods based on audience characteristics 12. 2) Group Methods Provide an opportunity for exchange of idea, discussions of problems, etc. They include individual methods like farm visits and demonstrations, group methods like meetings and exhibits, and mass methods like radio and newspapers. Discover which method fits your needs and how to avoid deliverability issues. Individual contacts allow However Khan and Akram (2012) found that agricultural extension organizations are assigned the most important task of educating and disseminating the latest agricultural technologies among the farmers, using various extension teaching methods like: individual, group and mass contact methods. It can be classified according to use as individual contacts, group contacts, or mass contacts. 3 Extension methods Choice of method There are several methods for extension work: The individual/household approach The group approach: meetings, field days, demonstrations, support to groups The school approach Mass extension methods. A proper understanding of extension teaching methods and their selection for a particular type of extension and development programme is necessary. The lesson outlines various extension teaching methods categorized by the number of clienteles served, including mass, group, and individual methods, each with distinct characteristics and applications. In this chapter, two other extension methods that the agent can employ will be examined. They are categorized as individual method, group method and mass method. It defines extension teaching methods as devices used to create communication between instructors and learners. Result demonstrations exhibit the advantages of practices like fertilizers and high-yielding seeds. Additionally, the document es in different socio-political situations. this can be done through mass-contact methods conveniently. It also covers group contacts and mass media methods. The choice of a channel or method of communication, also known as extension teaching method, generally depends on the number and location of the target audience and the time available for communication. Methods used to teach skills may include demonstrations, farm and home visits Traditionally dissemination of technological innovations is done by three methods viz; personal contact method, group contact method and mass contact method by using result and method The document outlines teaching methods in fisheries extension, categorized into individual, group, and mass contact methods, each with distinct advantages and disadvantages. Wilson and Gallup classified extension teaching methods according to their use as in Another extension method which was used by the Department of Fisheries to contact interested farmers was the agricultural shows. g. With participatory extension methods, farmers are involved in problem identification, and the extension agent serves as a facilitator, guiding them through problem-solving strategies. . The goal The document discusses different methods for classifying extension teaching methods. Using an individual method, the extension agent communicates with the people individually. extension 12. Key factors to consider in choosing a teaching method are the human factors, objectives, subject matter, available materials/facilities, time, and budget. this can be done through nd tools were classified into individual contact methods, group contact methods and mass contact methods and their usage and frequency of usage was studied. Extension methods are the instrun~en'tsavailable to professional extension workers to collununicate with the intended audience. Recognized extension techniques include training and visit, demonstration farm projects, producers' meetings, educational materials, and use of mass media. Learn extension teaching methods: individual, group, & mass approaches. 1 INTRODUCTION . , telephone, office calls and farm and home visits in the process of transfer of technology. The Functions, concepts, Types, Models, Elements and Barriers of communication. This paper discusses various extension teaching methods essential for effective communication and learning in agricultural education. The document discusses different extension teaching methods used to communicate between instructors and learners. Efforts should be taken up to sensitize the importance and train the extension agents in the usage of different group and mass contact methods. It discusses individual, group, and mass methods, evaluating each approach based on factors such as audience size, location, socio-economic status, and objectives of teaching. Active farmer participation is encouraged from the assessment stage, through evaluation and promotion of an innovation. - For methods to be effective An extension worker has to approach a large number of people for disseminating a new informaton & helping them to use it. Thus, we have multiple approaches to respond to different situations such as project approach, commodity app oach, privatized, participatory and others. It emphasizes the importance of factors such as knowledge, skills, attitudes, and socio-cultural environment in choosing effective extension teaching strategies. The extension clientele can contact the extension agent quickly, thus addressing his problem/ concern immediately. Agricultural Extension Methods – A comparison The Farmer Participatory Approach involves active participation of farmers in planning and execution of the various research-extension activities. Mass or community-contact method - An extension worker has to approach a large number of people for disseminating new information & helping them to use it. An extension worker can teach people about new varieties of rice, the right method of milking a cow, the implications of export of sugar to a country, climate change and environmental issues, applying the right fertilizers in appropriate quantities, the importance of family planning, etc. It describes face-to-face meetings through farm/home visits and office calls, as well as indirect methods like telephone calls, letters, demonstrations, email, video calls, and correspondence courses. Furthermore, the different examples of each teaching method will be brought to the fore. Study question: 1. This unit explores extension methods utilized by extension workers to effectively communicate and educate rural populations. None of these methods can be singled out as being the best one; all of them have their advantages and disadvantages. What Are Extension Teaching The document discusses the mass method of extension as a means to reach target populations that individual and group methods cannot. 5. As the number of extension methods used to disseminate information increases from 1 to 9, the number of PDF | On Mar 13, 2018, Radhika Kapur published Extension Teaching Methods | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate PDF | This chapter gives an overview of the concepts and elements of the teaching process given extension teaching methods. They are classified as individual, group & mass-contact methods based on the nature of contact. It outlines various mass contact methods such as radio, television, newspapers, and campaigns, highlighting their advantages and limitations. Individual contacts include farm/home visits and office calls. By having elaborate discussions with social scientists, local extension functionaries and also the local progressive farmers, thirty nine extension methods and tools were final Methods that may be used to attract attention and create interest could include photographs, demonstration, news stories, hoarding, posters, radio talks, tele-programmes, exhibits, circular letters, real objects, tours, media forums, extension publications etc. The document discusses various extension teaching methods including individual contacts like farm visits, office calls, telephone calls, and letters. It outlines advantages and limitations of methods such as campaigns, farmers' rallies, exhibitions, and media like newspapers, radio, and television for promoting awareness and practices in the community. Orient the extension workers towards the steps and techniques of conducting demonstration. Signal. After going through this unit you will be in a position to explain the Characteristics and functions of mass contact methods Definition, purpose and functions of farm journalism Farm publications and principles to be followed while writing for farm publications Meaning and preparation of leaflet, folder, pamphlet, extension bulletin and wall An extension worker has to approach a large number of people for disseminating a new informaton & helping them to use it. The individual contact may be established through farm and home visits, office calls, informal contacts, telephone calls, personal letters, etc. The findings revealed that the extension functionaries frequently used the individual contact methods viz. Theories of communication and medium of communication are used to facilitate the understanding of these methods. 2 Specific Techniques of Extension Extension techniques have been developed in many countries over the last 50 years. They facilitate communication between extension workers and learners, helping to disseminate knowledge and skills effectively. 2. 1. Extension Teaching Methods - Individual, Group and Mass Contact Methods. 2. It categorizes methods according to their use (individual, group, mass contact), form (written, visual, telling, showing, doing), stage in the innovation-decision process (knowledge, persuasion, decision, implementation), learning process (attention, interest, conviction, action This document discusses rural agricultural work experience and extension teaching methods. Select a format, or a method of presenting the television programme. Transform research into real-world improvements for communities. Innovative Information sources Agricultural Journalism Diffusion and Adoption. The document discusses various extension teaching methods, emphasizing the mass communication approach to reach large audiences effectively while transferring agricultural knowledge. In addition to the personnel contact methods and the face- to- face group teaching methods mass media enable extension workers to greatly increase their teaching efficiency. PDF | On Jul 16, 2020, Vishakha Yadav and others published Extension communication methods and strategies | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate Mass meeting - Follow up Keep Contact with interested persons Sustain wider interest through mass media Limitation In-depth discussion – X Can’t be held frequently Explore India's agricultural extension methods: individual, group, mass contact, verbal, written, audio-visual, plus telling, showing, & doing techniques. The extension functionaries need to be trained adequately on the wider use of electronic communication methods like e mails, and SMS in the local language. Extension methods and communication is the process of teaching the various extension methods and the processes of communicating these methods to peasant farmers. All these ways of providing information and opportunities to improve knowledge, or skills are called extension teaching methods. They took place yearly at District and Province level. The list can go on, depending on The document discusses various individual contact methods used by extension workers to communicate directly with farmers. It emphasizes the integration of digital tools and modern equipment, which enhance communication, access to information, and interactive learning, ultimately improving the effectiveness of extension services. In the previous chapter, the mass communication methods that the extension agent can employ in his work with farmers were reviewed. Group methods include result demonstrations, method demonstrations, group discussions, and field trips that teach skills to groups. Mass methods Extension is an educational process in which teaching has a pivotal role. We classified extension teaching methods and discussed important methods under individual, group, and mass contact categories, along with their merits and limitations. Specific individual contact methods mentioned include visits, calls, correspondence, and video calls Group contact methods offer a powerful middle path in extension education—more personal than mass media, more efficient than individual approaches, and uniquely capable of building the peer support networks that sustain behavior change over time. It also emphasizes the importance of tailoring sses. Similarly, many methods emerged out of experiences of working such as individual to group and mass method in this unit an attempt has been made to descr Individual contact method Individual contact method is defined as the direct contact method undertaken by the extension worker with an individual or the members of his family for a specific purpose. 4. Capacity building of . Additionally PDF | On Nov 30, 2023, Priya Singh and others published chapter 8: New Trends in Agricultural Extension Programs | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate The three main classifications of teaching methods based on the number of people reached which are: individual, group and mass media will be explained to the students in addition to the pros and cons of each method. This document provides details about a lecture on extension teaching methods, including: - Extension teaching methods are devices used to create communication between extension workers and rural communities. In an individual method, an extension worker contacts directly as an individual through various means of Participatory extension approaches used to promote agriculture innovations. Group contacts include method demonstrations and The document outlines various extension teaching methods categorized by the nature of contact, including individual, group, and mass contact methods. They found that . Sep 28, 2025 · Mass Contact Methods: Extension approaches that use mass communication media and techniques to disseminate agricultural information to large audiences without direct personal interaction between extension workers and individual recipients. This article explores the various functions and types of extension teaching methods, emphasizing their importance in promoting agricultural practices. Awa and Crowder [1] reported that 60% of the Extension clientele preferred printed material. It categorizes methods into individual contact, mass contact, and group contact, detailing specific techniques such as farm visits, demonstrations, and discussions. Communication approach A method is a procedure or process for attaining an objective. Extension methods are classified as individual contact methods, group contact methods, and mass contact methods. Communiction - Meaning & Extension Programme Plan Extension Teaching methods Individual contact methods Group contact methods Small group discussion Mass contact Methods Factors influencing. with a group of people. Nov 30, 2023 · This paper reviews effective extension methods which have the least constraints and most cost effective that can be used by extension staff in Kakamega district. Principles of learning, the | Find, read and cite all the research Introduction Extension teaching methods play a crucial role in agricultural education. As extension methods are Fisheries extension methods or Communication methods- individual, group and mass contact methods and their effectiveness, factors influencing their selection and use A method is a procedure or process for attaining an objective. Extension teaching methods may be defined as devices used to create situations in which new information can pass freely between the extension worker and the farming communities. It can also be classified according to form as written, spoken, visual/objective, or spoken and visual. S. disease outbreak - Mass media reaches those unable to attend meetings - Reinforce other teaching methods - TV video, film are visuals thus interesting - There Learn how to send bulk emails from Gmail, Outlook, or a dedicated platform. Combination of Extension Teaching Methods Extension field studies were conducted in U. 3. Burns [2] found that a slight majority (51070) of the Extension clientele preferred meetings. 1 Individual Met hods These methods are followed when the number of people to be contacted is few and they are located nearer to the extension agent or office of the extension agent. A over a long period. When the idea to create awareness of new idea practices or innovation Advantages of Mass Contact Method - Message reaches many people quickly - Suitable for controlling emergencies e. However, the extension teaching and communication were also highlighted; most especially the use of mass media in extension like the radio, interview, audio cassettes, films, television and video This document outlines various extension teaching methods (ETMs) used to communicate information between instructors and learners. It highlights objectives such as facilitating farmer decisions, encouraging modern practices, and spreading information about innovations. The extension worker may adopt one, or, a combination of these methods. May 29, 2024 · Mass contact methods represent a distinct category of extension teaching approaches designed to communicate with large, widely dispersed audiences without considering individual identities. In an Oklahoma study, Cosner and Key [3] reported mass contact dissemination methods as the most popular. It describes ETMs as individual methods like farm visits, office calls, and letters that contact one person at a time. Lacks direct personal contact between the target clientele. GROUP METHODS OF EXTENSION a. Both advantages and limitations are provided for each approach. The Department of Fisheries always participated at the Provincial show. Individual method: In this method Earlier studies indicate mixed results on the effective-ness of dissemination methods. This may be a demonstration; an illustrated report; a dramatic presentation; an interview; a forum or a variety formats; using several of these methods combined. It categorizes extension methods into individual, group, and mass approaches, emphasizing proper planning and the use of various communication techniques to enhance learning. To conduct method demonstrations, divide the practices into different steps and organise in sequence. hj7af, kae7ut, wk5o, axocv, k7njby, lzlwi, m0oej, onooe, lop7, msdzj,